Saturday, August 22, 2020

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 14

Research Paper - Essay Example The trespassers pushed ahead taking a North astute course and caught a few different towns, for example, Beirut. The prominent breakdown of German prevalence and the disappointment of the European western front prompted the breakdown of the war in the Middle East. (Oschsenwald 375) Thusly, there was the development of settlements, for example, the Paris Peace Conference, which occurred in a period length of not over about fourteen days after the finish of the war in the Middle East. For this case, Germany entered the peace negotiation with powers of the Entente Allies and formally finished the war. The Paris Peace Conference created harmony in the Middle East. In any case, there was a test over the span of improvement of the harmony developments since Germany overwhelmed the plan with a bigger number of issues than some other. The Middle East clash was likewise a worry among the London Pact that occurred in 1915, the Sykes-Picot Agreement, Balfour Declaration, and others (Oschsenwald 380). Another issue during the Paris Peace Conference was the way that British and French powers, that were the most grounded forces of the time, sought after their inclinations instead of that of different countries. For example, the counsels to the then British Prime Minister, David Lloyd advised him to think about the Middle East as a prize. Then again, the French forces drove by Georges Clemenceau thought about an authority over the waterways of Syria and Southern Anatolia. They likewise would have liked to have a French counselor for the Ottoman Sultan. Oilmen, investors, dealers, evangelists, compassionate people, and bondholders additionally united for the Paris meeting to push for their inclinations concerning the Middle East (Woodward 34). Zionists prevailing with regards to joining a variant of Balfour Declaration and profited by endorsement by the League of Nations. There were different developments and bargains, for example, the San Remo understandings and the Treaty of Sevres. The previous was a result of the disappointment of the Paris harmony meeting to yield a lot of natural product for the

Wednesday, July 15, 2020

Assigments And Case Study Example

Assigments And Case Study Example Assigments And Case Study â€" Coursework Example > Questions and Case Study Homework IIChapter 9-14 Central Michigan UniversityChapter 9 Q1. What are chief reasons union members reject tentative agreements? There are many reasons why union members reject tentative agreements. The first and foremost is that they feel that these agreements do not fulfill their needs and requirements that they want accomplished at the workplace. In addition is the members concern of the economy. Economic activity usually plummets due to rejection percentages. Another reason is the outcome of internal union politics. There are times when a small amount of majorities participate in the election of union leaders. In return the opposing candidate will campaign in opposition to any labor agreement that the serving leader bargained. Another reason why the union members might not agree with the tentative agreements is because of the wage and compensation factors because they might believe that the external equity of the company is lower and they are paid le ss than what their friends are paid employed at the same position in some another organization. Chapter 10 Q3. Why does a typical grievance procedure have so many steps when the employee is either right or wrong and one- or two-steps procedure would save time and money? In your answer discuss the various functions, opportunities, and problems each of the grievance steps can offer. The last phase of labor relations is contract administration which involves application and enforcement of labor contract in the workplace. Dispute occasionally arises between labor and management over such issues as who should be promoted or whether an employee has abused sick leave privileges. The mechanism preferred by most union and management to settle disputes is the grievance procedure which is a systematic step-by-step procedure designed to settle disputes regarding the interpretation of labor contract. Although employees may attempt to settle their grievance through such alternatives as an open- door policy or a meeting with employee relations representative in HR department and even the managers like to solve the problem as quick as possible; because it will save time and money (i. e. management feels uneasy to follow through with back pay to an employee who might remain unemployed until every issue has been determined) but grievance procedures under union contracts have two significant advantages for employees that no other human resource management provide can provide: The grievance procedure provides the employee with an advocate dedicated to representing the employee’s case to management. This representative is called union steward. Under any other system used to handle grievances, the employee is represented by someone who is either a manager or an agent of management. Such people obviously cannot be entirely dedicated to the employee’s position, The last step in the grievance procedure is arbitration, a quasi-judicial process that is binding on both parties. Th e arbitrator is a neutral person selected from outside the firm and compensated by both the union and management. Unlike grievance panel which are composed of people on the company payroll, the arbitrator has no personal stake in the outcome and can make a tough decision without worrying about how it will affect his or her career.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

The World Of Ancient Persia - 1442 Words

In the sixth century B.C, the land that we now call Iran was the center of the largest empire in the world. The kings of Ancient Persia( such as Cyrus the Great) were the leaders of a great civilization that made amazing advances in laws, goverment and communication. Founded in 550 B.C by King Cyrus the Great, the Persian Empire spanned from Egypt in the west to Turkey in the north, and through Mesopotamia to the Indus River in the east. Unlike most empires at that time, the Persian kings were benovelent rulers, and allowed a diverse variety of diffrent people with diffrent ethnic backgrounds. The Persian empire was split into three diffrent empires with three diffrent time periods but the first empire was called the Achaemenid Empire. It†¦show more content†¦The two struggled for control and that humans were frew to chose between good and evil. At death the humans willl be judged and good deeds will be rewarded and the bad deeds will be punished. In the book of Daniel, whic h takes place at the Persian court, the ideas of Heaven and Hell and of Satan as a force always opposed to God first appear in the Bible. Both of these ideas have become central to Christianity and Islam as well as Judaism.However others who came from diffrent ethnic backgrounds were free to live according to their culture and practice their religions as long as they followed and accepted Persian rule. During the Achaemenid Empire, there was no limit to the kings power. He could do anything he wanted and the only thing that could stop him was rebellion from his people. But the king wanted to control his people and protect the weak, so the empire began to have satrapes. A satrap was usually part of the royal family and carried out the laws of the goverment and did deeds such as collecting taxes, keeping the roads safe, putting down rebels and criminals, and enforcing peace. Satraps were also judges of criminal and civil cases in their legion. At times of war, satraps could act as mi litary commanders. However most satraps were not trustworthy and in order to keep watch of what they were doing the king sent royal clerks that were secret spies and they watched the satraps and reported back to the king. King Darius assigned about 20-30 satraps in hisShow MoreRelatedCyrus the Great1669 Words   |  7 PagesCyrus the Great was the founder of the Persian Empire around 500 B.C., which was the largest empire of its time (Cyrus II, the Great). The empire stretched from ancient Iran, and grew to include an area reaching from Greece to India (Persian Empire). Cyrus’ reign saw some of the first contacts between Persia and Greece, and helped Persia gain the political power that had once been held by the people of Mesopotamia (Cyrus, the Great). Cyrus the Great proved to be an effective leader who developedRead MoreThe War Of The Persian Wars Essay1421 Words   |  6 PagesWe had many revolutionary wars that shaped our world into becoming what it is today. The Per sian Wars were one of those unforgettable events that inspired not only our military structure but government as well. The Persian Wars lasted for almost half a decade from 498 BCE to 448 BCE between the Persian Empire, of course, and Greek poleis. The war was centered around expanding the Empire of Persia as it claimed and took over land within battle and then ruling it as one while making a profit from itRead MoreThe Persian Wars Were Significant For World History1441 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the main components that defined the ancient world is war. During the era of expansion and conquest, wars were waged across lands near and far. By means of defense, revolts arose at this time of numerous battles as well as the formation of alliances. As a whole, war is a struggle for power. For instance, two great ancient civilizations, Greece and Persia, fought in a series of conflicts known as the Greco-Persian Wars. Herodotus, the historian who first wrote about the Persian Wars, once saidRead MoreComparison Between Greece And Greece856 Words   |  4 PagesPersia (550 BCE-330 BCE) and Greece (480 BCE-323 BCE) were two strong and prosperous empires. For over two centuries, persia and Greece have been waging war on one another. Although Persia and Greece gave men more power than women, both empires developed different social structures and unalike religious beliefs. Persia and Greece both have dissimilar social structures that consist of certain individuals. In early western Iran, the society was categorized into three social classes. The classes consistedRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1552 Words   |  7 Pagescomparing it to issues faced by women during other periods of history. The title The Complete Persepolis is used to emphasize the radical differences in the rights of men and women in the modern world, more specifically modern Iran, by comparing the modern statues of women with the situation in the ancient Persian Empire. Religion is an important part of Marjane’s life; however it also highlights some of the most radical variations in the rights between women and men. The holy book of Islam, theRead MoreThe Formation of Achaemenid Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pages Persia has always been known to its own people as Iran ( the land of Aryans ), although for centuries it was referred to as Persia (Pars or Fars ) by Europeans. In 1935 the government specified that it should be called Iran; however, in 1949 they allowed both names to be used. Most people today, know Persia through its carpet , its caviar, or through its importance as one of the worlds major oil producer countries. Yet,Persia has one of the richest and oldest cultures in the world. Iran historyRead MoreThe Rise And Development Of Ancient Persia1259 Words   |  6 PagesAncient Persia also known as the Achaemenid Empire is known to be one of the greatest empires in ancient history. It was viewed as the first â€Å"humane, equal and religiously tolerant empire.† It was made up of several different languages, races, religions and cultures. The empire would become large enough to stretch through three continents. The rise and development of Persia revolved around the rule of Cyr us the Great and Darius the Great. Cyrus was a military and political genius that would go onRead MoreThe 7 Wonders Of Greece1484 Words   |  6 Pagescenter of the Greek world built by Cleisthenes. The â€Å"Theatre of Epidaurus† is the world’s largest drama theatre and built to honor The Spirit of Dionysus, the queen of drama. A 110-foot tall bronze statue â€Å"The Colossus of Rhodes† is the Sun God Helios that overlooked the harbor of Rhodes. â€Å"The Olympics† and this gave rise to Olympia the greatest sports arena of the ancient world. The myth of a utopian world â€Å"City of Atlantis† and this no one has ever resolved. To match the ancient legends, these GreeksRead MoreThe Ancient Greeks : Engineering An Empire1233 Words   |  5 Pageson YouTube named â€Å"THE ANCIENT GREEKS - ENGINEERING AN EMPIRE - Discovery History Science (full documentary)† by AncientDiscoveryHistory tells the story of the Ancient Greece. The video mentions that for over one thousand years, the charismatic and strong people of Greece made the most advanced technological wonders that the world has ever seen. Greece is a country of islands and city-states that was ruled by leaders whose thirst for greatness united people. However, Persia was the world’s superpowerRead MoreThe Religion Of Zoroastrianism And Its Impact On The World986 Words   |  4 PagesMihir Patel Zoroastrianism one of the most ancient religions of the world found sometime before 650 B.C in Persia by the prophet known as Zoroaster. The religion of Zoroastrianism is based mainly on two aspect of life. The people who tell the truth are on the side of Asha, and are known as the people of righteousness. The others, who are known as the people of the lie, or druj, followed the dreary way of evil. Zoroastrianism is a polytheistic religion which shows people ways of

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Gadget Computer and Academic Performance - 2555 Words

NEW ERA UNIVERSITY #9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City Gadgets Obsession and Academic Performance Of High School Students Submitted by : Go, JolinaQ. Colintava, Lanimarie Dizon, Mark Lean Salvador, Angel G. Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION Gadget refers to any electronic device that has specific functions like voice recording, music playing, surveillance, video playing, photos displaying, etc. The advantage here is that because of its mobility, it can help you lessen the time you consume in your work load. Most school systems have technology standards that all students must attain at various points throughout their education. Education standards are guidelines that define the knowledge and†¦show more content†¦Gadgets compile many products in one. But over using them tends to change its usefulness to destruction, therefore users who are experiencing addiction to gadgets seems to be more noticeable as it greatly affects their psychological ability and of course their social interaction that is why we made this study to figure out, how gadgets dramatically affects the performance of the students. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This study aims to know the effect of obsession to the academic performance of High School students. Specifically this study seeks to answer the following question: This study specifically answers the following questions: 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: 1.1Gender 1.2 Economical Status 2. What are the different gadgets being obsessed by the students? 3. What is the activity you mostly do in your gadget 4. How do gadgets affect their everyday life? 5. Is there a significant relationship between the students obsession of the different gadgets in their overall performance? 6. How may the results of the study be utilized to enhance the academic performance of the students? SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This research is with great significance to the readers because life generally demands, challenging, fast phasing and unstoppable because of continuous evolution of technology and its consequences. For students to serveShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Its Impact On Human Life And Improvement Of The Socio Economic Relations1638 Words   |  7 PagesThe use of technology is worldwide domineering owing to its impact on human life and improvement of the socio-economic relations worldwide. For instance, the wireless communication involving mobile phones and computers are the fastest diffusing globally. This has given technology a lot of popularity among the teens and the youths. One thing we have to agree on is that technology cannot be done away with from students since it helps them in preparing for the real world. Therefore, for them to be relevantRead MoreRelation of Computer Literacy to Students Academic Performance1519 Words   |  7 Pagestaken the time to learn about computers often do not even know what to do once one has been turned on, and this problem should be corrected. That is why all high schools must make a computer literacy course a requirement for graduation. Alth ough a computer course would take away two or three periods of a high school students weekly schedule, it will be well worth it in the real world with so many careers today involving a knowledge of a computers basic functions, computer literacy plays a big partRead MoreAcademic Performance and Use of Electronic Gadgets Among Secondary Students2033 Words   |  9 Pagesand convenient. Today, the world has turned into a world of electronic gadgets. The electronic gadgets have advanced in various ways. Today, you will find gadgets that fulfill your everyday needs. These gadgets can be anything from a grinder to a camcorder to a laptop.   The origins of the word gadget trace back to the 19th century. According to the  Oxford English Dictionary, there is anecdotal evidence for the use of gadget as a  placeholder name  for a technical item whose precise name one cantRead MoreImpacts of Technology Dependency on the Academic Performance of Usls Students1490 Words   |  6 Pagessuch as playing Gameboy, watching DVDs, or listening to music players. They tend to be less involved in academic life. Positive impacts will be an important part of this study, for which technology used for academic engagement. A student may use computers, electronic mails, or a cellular phone for social purposes, however, those same technologies will also be use for communication on academic matters, thereby increasing educational involvement. According to Maxima J. Acelajado, (Ph.D., De LaRead MoreLiterature Review : A Research Essay1741 Words   |  7 Pagesnetworking sites (also called social media websites) has also been facilitated by technological advancements and development in recent years. Today, there are numerous gadgets and electronics that can be used to access the internet from anywhere in the world. They include; smartphones, tablets, phablets, laptops, and personal computers among other devices. Today, even television sets can be used to access the internet (Kirschner and Karpinski, 2010). In addition, internet connectivity and speed hasRead MoreThe Myth Of The Ant Queen By Steven Johnson1420 Words   |  6 Pagesmake technology to what they want. Davidson noted that in the Dukes experiment, the student had spent their entire childhood life with computers. Rather than technology changing the students, the students changed the iPod, a gadget merely made for music into an academic tool with different apps to accommodate various subjects. Johnsons notes that the digital computers learn on their own when he states, â€Å"proposing a model of the process which we claim can adaptively improve itself to handle particularRead MoreAssistive Technology And Instructional Technology1551 Words   |  7 Pagesboth Assistive Technology and Instructional technology one may begin to see how they can both beneficial to student with disabilities. To understand Assistive technology (A.T.), we first should defined it. Assistive technology is defined as, as any gadget/equipment for and exceptional individual that helps to counter-balance their specific disability(s). (Stanberry Raskind, 2009, para.4) In clearer terms A.T. is any device that is used to help someone with a disability complete daily tasks. TheRead MoreFactors Affecting the Study Habits and Attitudes of 1st Yr Bsa Student of Pup-Src1669 Words   |  7 PagesFactors affecting the study habits and attitudes of 1st yr BSA student of PUP-SRC Objectives * this study is to provide awareness and better understanding of how their current study habits affected their academic performance to 1st year college students *   gives them a more focused and clear perspective on how the specific behaviors related to their studies influenced study habits * this study also gives a much deeper understanding of their selves as students considering that the collegeRead MoreTechnology Has Impacted Our Lives6520 Words   |  27 Pages INTRODUCTION Technology impacts our daily lives in every field, from the cars we drive, cell phones we use, computers and networks we access and the power we consume! Technology and human life cannot be separated; society has a cyclic co-dependence on technology. We use technological gadgets like laptops, smart phones, tablets, television and services like internet that serves lots of lucrative social networking sites like skype, twitter, facebook, whats app etc. in our daily life and our needsRead MoreComputer Engineering At Shanghai Jiao Tong University961 Words   |  4 PagesDuring my college career, through various challenging courses and research experience, as a computer engineering major, I not only obtained a solid background knowledge in this field but developed an analytical mind for research and a passion to continuing working in computer architecture. After deliberating on my future, I decided to apply for the Ph.D. program at (department of Computer Science Engineering) at (the Pe nnsylvania State University). I was honored to be admitted to the dual degree

TV show Free Essays

Check, Please! Bay Area is a local TV program, which reviews local restaurants. During each episode, three guests introduce their favorite restaurants to the television audience. Each guest also has to review the other two restaurants that are being featured on the show. We will write a custom essay sample on TV show or any similar topic only for you Order Now Together with the host, the three guests gather around a table and talk about their experiences. The host of the show, Leslie Sbrocco, who has blond hair and wore a brown suit, talked throughout the program with a warm smile on her lips. Her guests were two guys, mark and Modesto, and a lady, Rachel. Mark is around thirty and a youth worker. Maybe because of his job, he has a great sense of humor and was the most interesting person on the show. His skin is brown and his body is big, which made him look like a huge but nice potato. His favorite restaurant is New Kapadokia, a Turkish restaurant. Modesto looks older than Mark and lives in San Francisco. His favorite restaurant, Aperto, is also located in the city. Modesto looks affable and kind. He had black and gray hair and wore glasses. The last guest, Rachel, is an art director. She is also a blond and wore a blue sweater. Rachel dressed kind of elegantly and likes elegant restaurants. The restaurant she preferred, Massa’s, was predictably expensive and formal. The room where the four of them sat looked like a dining room. In the center of the room was a large table on which set four glasses of wine. On other words, the host and guests sat around the table as if they were old friends having dinner and chatting in a luxurious dining room. The first restaurant they talked about was New Kapadokia, which was highly recommended by Mark. Mark lived in Turkey as a teenager and has wonderful memories of Turkish food. He told Leslie Sbrocco and other two guests that the first time he dined at New Kapadokia it was love at first sight. The restaurant, whose name comes from a real region of Turkey, is located in Redwood City. It is a medium sized restaurant with French windows, white table cloths and comfortable wooden chairs. Turkish pictures decorate the bright-yellow walls and make the environment distinctly exotic. The dishes are genuine Turkish style cuisine, according to Mark. Executive Chef, Meral Guvenc, has several signature dishes, which include kebabs, stuffed eggplant and one particular appetizer hat looks like a spring roll. Mark described the situation when he had first tasted this appetizer. â€Å"While my wife talked,† he said, â€Å"I just pounded them into my mouth. † Everyone laughed. During the meal, a few cups of flavorful tea were used to enliven the meal. The Turkish tea is served in small Turkish glasses and presented on shiny brass trays. Finally, the other two guests gave restaurant a good review. Since the location is unpretentious, people can afford it and still have a wonderful dining experience. The second restaurant was Aperto, which has been at the same location in San Francisco for 60 years. Similar in size to New Kapadokia, it is medium sized with twenty tables and French windows along the sidewalk side of the restaurant. The tables and chairs are of wood. The restaurant was very simply decorated but still looks neat and pleasant. The cuisine is Italian, and all the food is prepared with local Bay Area ingredients. The signature dishes of Executive Chef, Laura Guagliano-Montiel, are taglioline pepati, roasted chicken and butternut squash ravioli. There are also special recommendations from the chef everyday. Modesto said, â€Å"They are always different, but the special are always really special. The restaurant served only wine and beer,, and Rachel said that she and her husband were disappointed with the meal. However, the guys still thought it was a nice place to hang out with friends or to have a casual meal with a family since the price is reasonable and the restaurant attracts open and friendly people. All in all, it is an affordable neighborhood restaurant. The last restaurant was Masa’s, the one recommended by Rachel and, of the three restaurants featured on this particular program, the most elegant. Like Aperto, Masa’s is also a San Francisco restaurant. It is also a medium sizes restaurant but with no windows. All the light comes from the red-covered lamps hanging from the ceiling, which according to Rachel, are Masa’s most excellent decorations. The light is soft, with huge dark-red reflections on the floor. This lighting gives the restaurant a fabulous and somewhat mysterious atmosphere. The dark colored walls are decorated with simple-style pictures, copper statues and light-colored curtains, which create a wonderful contrast to the rest of the room’s deep richness. The cuisine offered by Masa’s is very contemporary French. Every course is somewhat sparse but very delicious. A very extensive wine list provides to the adventure in dining. Dinner at Masa’s is a journey to elegance. Mark said that he was nervous throughout the dinner. The prices are quite high, but the service, the food, and the ambience are exceptional. There are even private dining rooms. Rachel called it a fabulous five-star dinging experience. Generally speaking, this restaurant is expensive but classic and wonderful. If a formal dinner is needed or, if people want to try the good service, Masa’s is a good choice. Of the three restaurants featured on this particular episode of Check Please, New Kapadokia seems to be the best choice. It showcases casual-style dining at affordable prices for both lunch and dinner. Aperto and Masa’s also look like excellent choices, especially for people who live in the city. The reviews left by the audience who had been to these restaurants gave New Kapadokia the most support, so it is probably a good idea to go there first if you want a new dining experience. Some of the people said that the airing of Check Please, the restaurant become overcrowded, maybe it’s a good idea to make your reservation well in advance. How to cite TV show, Essay examples

Saturday, April 25, 2020

The New Eras Operating Systems Essay Sample free essay sample

Linux History Linux was foremost developed in the twelvemonth 1991 by Linus Torvalds. His purpose was to come up with a better operating system than mimix and which was a little version of Unix programmed by Andy Tanenbaum. Due to the fact that it’s unfastened beginning free package it was modified by many coders from different corners of the Earth. One of the disadvantages of Linux is that many people believe it’s difficult to larn as compared to Windowss. But after larning it one get to understand its advantages which over power Windowss. ADVANTAGES OF LINUX Linux has assorted advantages which by far overpower Windowss. Cost The first and obvious advantage of utilizing Linux alternatively of Windows is the cost. Unlike Microsoft where their merchandises are really expensive and Limited. Linux can be installed on any given figure of machines free of charge. compared to Microsoft where even the cost of put ining a transcript Windows on a individual is really expensive. We will write a custom essay sample on The New Eras Operating Systems Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Security Each an every computing machine user requires tight security. Linux compared to Windows has a really strong security. For many old ages Linux has been known to last without holding to put in virus protection package. This has been made possible by the fact that it’s unfastened beginning package even if person developed a virus to assail it ; opportunities are at that place that after a short piece spots from different coders will be released to bring around the virus. Freedom OF CHOICE Another great advantage of Linux is freedom to take what you want and how you like it. attractive and many subjects of the operating system cut down the ennui of holding the same same subject all the clip like the default subject for Windowss. EASY TO INSTALL Many people believe that Windows is easier to put in than Linux. but see a instance where you computing machine clangs and you still want to put in Windowss ; you evidently get down worrying about device drivers. like pressmans. sound card etc. besides you have to pass sometime seeking for application package that you use. In Linux bulk of the things you need in your computing machine are inbuilt. Stable Linux systems are known to run stably. unlike Windowss where you ever have to maintain pressing Ctrl + Alt + Del to acquire the machine running stably. Linux is known to run procedures decently without holding to end them due to unstable map. Generally Linux run until decently until there is a hardware failure or the machine is shutdown. Mentions hypertext transfer protocol: //linux. iguana. be/linux/advantages. php World Wide Web. livinginternet. com/i/iw_unix_gnulinux. htm

Tuesday, March 17, 2020

Chinas Political Overview

Chinas Political Overview China’s has a huge population, vast geographical span, and social multiplicity. As a result, China has a unique political system. The economic reforms China put in place in the 1980s entailed the decentralization of major central government functions to local governments. As a result the central government found it continuously intricate to assert its authority.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on China’s Political Overview specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To implement new polices, the leaders in the central government found it necessary to build consensus among party members, local communities, plus influential non-party members. In the past, the communist party exercised its control over the society but now the increasing freedom to make choices about education and employment weakened the work unit system that was once the basic cell of the communist party control over society. China is the world’s second largest economy and is ruled by the Chinese communist party, which has been in power for more that six decades. In spite of this fact, China’s political institutions and political culture have evolved significantly over those years. China’s power structure has been a monopoly but many analysts both in China and abroad have queried the long-term feasibility of it, which the party remains above the law and civil society and the freedom of speech and alliance are strictly guarded. Thankfully, China’s retiring Premier Wen Jiabao called for political transformation and the reorganization of the leadership system of the party and the state. He noted that without the success of political reform, it is impossible to institute economic structural changes. The Chinese Communist Party controls the state and the society in China. It has power over the armed forces, and is in charge of employing people in all political, state-owned, and public institutions. The media , judiciary and the internal security apparatus is also under the control of the Chinese communist. China’s governing party enjoys maximum party control, by ensuring that the highest ranking state officials at every level of government simultaneously hold senior party positions,. The country was able to shield its industries from competition by implementing unfair economic policies, such as rules stating that Chinese should own a 51 percent stake in a foreign joint undertaking. Since its entry into the World Trade Organization, the China’s economy became market oriented and the country has become the major manufacture of most of the world’s products. China has one of the highest foreign direct investment rates in the world (Morrison 7). This has enabled the country to produce low cost items in large scale.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The abi lity of Chinese government to control the economic environment has attracted many investments (Thomas 28). The high economic growth has given the country the wealth it requires to develop its infrastructure, which is essential for development. The Chinese Communist Party realized that it had to adapt to the fast changing society.Therefore, it developed mechanisms of modifying its governing ideology to facilitate the necessary transformations for the sake of its continued existence. Yet it was careful in its approach and avoided challenging its ideology to an extent, which would further compromise its already questionable justifications for maintaining an everlasting cartel on power. In its quest to get into power, the People’s Republic of China the Party assured the citizenry that it would help peasant farmers and workers improve their working conditions and livehoods. It also guaranteed that socialistic ideologies would be entrenched, and all property would be publicly owned . In its constitution, the party still authoritatively decrees the recognition of communism to be its supreme ideal and ultimate goal. As a ruling party, the Chinese Communist Party now defines itself as representing the basic aspirations of the vast majority of the Chinese people including capitalists. In 2007, China at last passed a law protecting private property rights. This was after realizing that privately owned enterprises had started achieving double-digit economic growth rates in its coastal provinces and that the real estate segments were booming. Morrison, Wayne. China’s Economic Conditions. Congressional Research Service. 2012. Web. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL33534.pdf. Thomas, Stephen. China’s Economic Development from 1860 to the Present: The Roles of Sovereignty and the Global Economy. Forum on Public Policy. 2012. Web. forumonpublicpolicy.com/archive07/thomas.pdf.

Sunday, March 1, 2020

De Havilland Mosquito in World War II

De Havilland Mosquito in World War II The design for the de Havilland Mosquito originated in the late 1930s, when the de Havilland Aircraft Company began working on a bomber design for the Royal Air Force. Having had great success in designing high-speed civilian aircraft, such as the DH.88 Comet and DH.91 Albatross, both constructed largely of wood laminates, de Havilland sought to secure a contract from the Air Ministry. The use of wood laminates in its planes allowed de Havilland to reduce the overall weight of its aircraft while simplifying construction.   A New Concept In September 1936, the Air Ministry released Specification P.13/36 which called for a medium bomber capable of achieving 275 mph while carrying a payload of 3,000 lbs. a distance of 3,000 miles. Already an outsider due to their use of all-wood construction, de Havilland initially attempted to modify the Albatross to meet the Air Ministrys requirements. This effort fared poorly as the performance of the first design, possessing six to eight guns and a three-man crew, projected badly when studied. Powered by twin Rolls-Royce Merlin engines, the designers began seeking ways to improve the planes performance. While the P.13/36 specification resulted in the Avro Manchester and Vickers Warwick, it led to discussions that advanced the idea of the fast, unarmed bomber. Seized upon by  Geoffrey de Havilland, he sought to develop this concept to create an aircraft would exceed the P.13/36 requirements. Returning to the Albatross project, the team at de Havilland, led by Ronald E. Bishop, began removing elements from the aircraft to decrease weight and increase speed. This approach proved successful, and the designers quickly realized that by removing the bombers entire defensive armament its speed would be on par with the fighters of the day allowing it to outrun danger rather than fighting. The end result was an aircraft, designated DH.98, that was radically different from the Albatross. A small bomber powered by two Rolls-Royce Merlin engines, it would be capable of speeds around 400 mph with a payload of 1,000 lbs. To enhance the aircrafts mission flexibility, the design team made allowance for the mounting of four 20 mm cannon in the bomb bay which would fire through blast tubes under the nose. Development Despite the new aircrafts projected high speed and superb performance, the Air Ministry rejected the new bomber in October 1938, over concerns regarding its wooden construction and lack of defensive armament. Unwilling to abandon the design, Bishops team continued to refine it after the outbreak of World War II. Lobbying for the aircraft, de Havilland finally succeeded in obtaining an Air Ministry contract from Air Chief Marshal Sir Wilfrid Freeman for a prototype under Specification B.1/40 which had been tailor written for the DH.98.   As the RAF expanded to meet wartime needs, the company was finally able to obtain a contract for fifty aircraft in March 1940. As work on the prototypes moved forward, the program was delayed as a result of the Dunkirk Evacuation. Restarting, the RAF also asked de Havilland to develop heavy fighter and reconnaissance variants of the aircraft. On November 19, 1940, the first prototype was completed and it took to the air six days later. Over the next few months, the newly dubbed Mosquito underwent flight testing at Boscombe Down and quickly impressed the RAF. Outpacing the Supermarine Spitfire Mk.II, the Mosquito also proved capable of carrying a bomb load four times larges (4,000 lbs.) than anticipated. Upon learning this, modifications were made to improve the Mosquitos performance with heavier loads. Construction The Mosquitos unique wood construction allowed parts to be made in furniture factories across Britain and Canada. To construct the fuselage, 3/8 sheets of Ecuadorean balsawood sandwiched between sheets of Canadian birch was formed inside large concrete molds. Each mold held half of the fuselage and once dry, the control lines and wires were installed and the two halves were glued and screwed together. To complete the process, the fuselage was covered in a doped Madapolam (woven cotton) finish. Construction of the wings followed a similar process, and a minimal amount of metal was used to reduce weight. Specifications (DH.98 Mosquito B Mk XVI): General Length: 44 ft. 6 in.Wingspan: 54 ft. 2 in.Height: 17 ft. 5 in.Wing Area: 454 sq. ft.Empty Weight: 14,300 lbs.Loaded Weight: 18,000 lbs.Crew: 2 (pilot, bombardier) Performance Power Plant: 2 Ãâ€" Rolls-Royce Merlin 76/77 liquid-cooled V12 engine, 1,710 hpRange: 1,300 milesMax Speed: 415 mphCeiling: 37,000 ft. Armament Bombs: 4,000 lbs. Operational History Entering service in 1941, the Mosquitos versatility was utilized immediately. The first sortie was conducted by a photo reconnaissance variant on September 20, 1941. A year later, Mosquito bombers conducted a famed raid on the Gestapo headquarters in Oslo, Norway which demonstrated the aircrafts great range and speed. Serving as part of Bomber Command, the Mosquito quickly developed a reputation for being able to successfully carry out dangerous missions with minimal losses. On January 30, 1943, Mosquitos carried out a daring daylight raid on Berlin, making a liar of Reichmarschall Hermann Gà ¶ring who claimed such an attack impossible. Also serving in the Light Night Strike Force, Mosquitos flew high speed night missions designed to distract German air defenses from British heavy bomber raids. The night fighter variant of the Mosquito entered service in mid-1942, and was armed with four 20mm cannon in its belly and four .30 cal. machine guns in the nose. Scoring its first kill on May 30, 1942, night fighter Mosquitos downed over 600 enemy aircraft during the war. Equipped with a variety of radars, Mosquito night fighters were used throughout the European Theater. In 1943, the lessons learned on the battlefield were incorporated into a fighter-bomber variant. Featuring the Mosquitos standard fighter armament, the FB variants were capable of carrying 1,000 lbs. of bombs or rockets. Utilized across the front, Mosquito FBs became renowned for being able to carry out pinpoint attacks such as striking the Gestapo headquarters in downtown Copenhagen and breeching the wall of the Amiens prison to facilitate the escape of French resistance fighters. In addition to its combat roles, Mosquitos were also used as high-speed transports. Remaining in service after the war, the Mosquito was used by the RAF in various roles until 1956. During its ten-year production run (1940-1950), 7,781 Mosquitos were built of which 6,710 were constructed during the war. While production was centered in Britain, additional parts and aircraft were built in Canada and Australia. The Mosquitos final combat missions were flown as part of the Israeli Air Forces operations during the 1956 Suez Crisis. The Mosquito was also operated by the United States (in small numbers) during World War II and by Sweden (1948-1953).

Friday, February 14, 2020

Professional Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Professional Portfolio - Essay Example Learning is an active process, which requires patience, dedication and confidence. Teaching nursing student involves evaluation, which can serve a number of services such as providing relevant data for decision making, diagnosing problems and improving the learning outcomes. Ambitious students enter into a learning process with the willingness of being evaluated so as to give them a guarantee of how they are fairing in their career. In the same way, good teachers should be capable of putting forward the methods, which they intend to use throughout the evaluation process. I am an evaluator; I take this as one of the many methods of scrutinizing learners in this practice. Essentially, I give a learning setting of a classroom with a topic of administering oral medication to patients. Its main purpose is to encourage critical thinking and excellent communication between learners and the patients. This also ensures that learners develop cordial relationship with patients’ staff and instructors. Moreover, I evaluate the learners through oral presentation. Oral presentation entails learners being able to communicate to patients properly at all times. This contributes in building confidence and demonstrating their oral communication skills. In fact, every learner is expected to give a presentation on how to administer to patients and monitor the changes that are present in patients pertaining to their diseases. Further, the learners should be in a position to give explanation of what should be done in case patients do not respond positively to the prior medical dosage. I am a dedicated nursing educator. I am aware that nursing is a sturdy job. This means that I must portray an infinite dedication that should be imitated by the learners. I demonstrate this by evaluating the ability of the learners while he/she is recommending proper oral dosages that are forwarded to me in writing. In the writings, learners are expected to describe the procedures that

Saturday, February 1, 2020

Operations management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Operations management - Essay Example As a result of this, the company has now taken to more sustainable methods – it ships the scampi to Thailand, where it is hand peeled. This creates more job opportunities and the carbon dioxide emission in the shipping transport from Scotland to Thailand is the same as the machine co2 emissions. Thus, the company managed to successfully cut down at least one of the significant tradeoffs in its business. To remain competitive, Young’s Seafood has some strict criterion for order qualifiers and order winners so that it gets a higher edge in the market competition. Young’s seafood has been very focuses as result of which the order winners have become the order qualifiers for the company. As already stated above, the main order qualifiers for the company are faster and higher quality food with efficient services at low costs to the client. In order to achieve those order winners / qualifiers and gain an upper edge from its competitors, the company has done a number of changes in its operational chain and logistics. Better stock management, demand prediction, centralized distribution, order batching are some of the methods that were used by the management to convert itself into the main option for purchasing seafood in the market. Q3. Facility based services are those where the clients approach the company to utilize their services, while the field based services include those where the company sends its representatives to cater to clients. Young’s sea food originally started as a field based service where it used to only dispatch its food products to clients at the preferred destination. This required intelligent scheduling and dispatch management of products and representatives. At the same time, cost was... Facility based services are those where the clients approach the company to utilize their services, while the field based services include those where the company sends its representatives to cater to clients. Young’s sea food originally started as a field based service where it used to only dispatch its food products to clients at the preferred destination. This required intelligent scheduling and dispatch management of products and representatives. At the same time, cost was an overriding factor for the company. This also requires a mobile system that connects the delivery representative with the office. The mobile system reduces the paper work, manual errors, offers effective time management, however, it was not an option for the company when aiming to expand its services in the continent. Subsequently, the company has opened many outlets and restaurants ( facility services) where clients are served and can also buy the young’s seafood products. Youngs seafood has al so tied up with other retailers to keep its products and sell them. Also, this has helped in the brand building of the company in the market.

Friday, January 24, 2020

Jellyfish Venom :: Jellyfish Marine Life Essays

Jellyfish Venom Almost anyone who has ever spent time near or in an ocean has been warned about being stung by jellyfish. Jellyfish have been ascribed a reputation as dangerous, often lethal animals. The exact actions of jellyfish toxins are not well understood, and the true danger presented by jellyfish is often exaggerated. This paper will attempt to answer several questions about jellyfish and venom. It will discuss what toxins make up jellyfish venom and the method in which these toxins are delivered. The effects of jellyfish venom on the human body will be discussed, including the possible action of these toxins at a cellular level. Finally, first aid and treatments for jellyfish envenomations will be described. Background The marine creatures commonly known as jellyfish are members of the phylum Cnidaria. Of the four classes of cnidarians, jellyfish come from both the Hydrozoa and Scyphozoa classes. Most jellyfish are schphozoids, while the Portuguese Man-of-War (Physalia physalis) is a hydroid. As cnidarians, jellyfish possess two tissue types: endoderm and ectoderm, in addition to a single cell layer of jelly-like mesoglea between the endoderm and the ectoderm (Russell 21). Jellyfish exhibit radial symmetry and have tentacles with stinging cells known as cnidocytes. They range in size from a few millimeters up to a bell size of two meters across, with tentacles up to thirty-six meters long. Typically less than five percent of a jellyfish’s body is "solid organic material" (Halstead, Poisonous 96-97). Jellyfish have reproductive cycles that involve a sessile polyp and a free-living medusa state. The polyp is asexual, while the medusa is sexual (Williamson et al. 121). P. physalis actually consist of colonies of many small organisms. A single Man-of-War contains both polyp and medusal stage organisms, with several different types of polyps and medusae in a colony (Halstead, Poisonous 94-95) Jellyfish populations exhibit seasonality in their choice of habitats. Most jellyfish prefer temperate and warm water. P. physalis prefer open waters and move with the wind, tide, and currents. Scyphozoas are found in all seas of the world. These jellyfish prefer shallow water such as bays and estuaries but also inhabit open ocean (Halstead, Poisonous 94-97). They usually live in the warm or temperate waters favored by coral (Halstead, Poisonous 115). Jellyfish are most abundant in coastal areas during warm summer months, but are present along the shore at other times of year (Halstead, Poisonous 97). Likewise, in Australia, the largest numbers of jellyfish are found along shores during the summer months of November through April, with peak numbers occurring in December.

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Group Roles Essay

We take on many roles throughout the day and while most of these tie into our social status, personal duties, expectations and our behaviors they are only one of the few roles we learn about in time. Social roles are used to predict the way an individual acts in a situation and there is a belief that they are the result of a situation. When working in groups, roles exists that are not related to our personality or a result of our behavior. A superior can give them to us or unknowingly we may adopt them. This we have all been doing since youth but most of the time we are so absorbed into the roles we have taken on that we rarely take time to think about them. They have become as automatic as breathing to majority of the workforce. Roles are not to be confused with personality. Dr. Meredith Belbin a researcher and management theorist regards them as clusters of characteristics, of which psychological preference is but one dimension.[1] By understanding theses definitions we can gain a knowledge, that when combined with certain practice exercises, will enable us to see roles working can drastically increase a team’s effectiveness and overall well-being. When developing an understanding of these roles, it is important to keep in mind that your role can change from task to task. In addition, one individual can have traits belonging to several roles just as much as several individuals can share certain roles that. A manager’s responsibility will be the task of making sure that the team is not heavy in more areas then others. GROUP ROLES INCLUDING DEFINITIONS Leader or Facilitator: An individual who enables groups and organizations to work more effectively; to collaborate and achieve synergy.[1] has excellent interpersonal skills, being able to communicate effectively with team members through good listening, verbal and non-verbal communication. This person does not need to have to be an expert but have knowledge of the tasks concept. Shaper: Initiator Energizer The Shaper is a dynamic, outgoing member of the team; they are often argumentative, provocative, they push the group towards agreement and decision-making, keen to remove barriers and embrace challenges.[1] Completer-Finisher Recorder They are never at ease until they have have checked every detail and made sure that everything has been done and nothing overlooked. It is not that they are overly or irritatingly fussy: their obsession is an expression of anxiety. They have a great capacity for follow-through and attention to detail. They are unlikely to start anything that they cannot finish. They are not assertive members of the team, but they maintain a permanent sense of urgency, which they communicate to others to galvanize them into activity [2] Resource Investigator: The Resource Investigator is a strong communicator, good at negotiating with people outside the team and gathering external information and resources. Resource Investigators are curious and sociable in their nature they are open to new ideas and ways of accomplishing tasks. [2] Plant: The Plant is innovative and will suggest new and creative ways of problem solving within the team.. Sometimes the ideas of the Plant may be impracticable due to their highly creative nature – they may ignore known constraints when developing their ideas. Plants are often introverts who may have poor communication skills; they are loners and enjoy working away from the rest of the group. [1] Monitor Evaluator Elaborator Monitor Evaluators are fair and logical observers and judges of what is going on in the team. Since they are good at detaching themselves from bias, they are often the ones to see all available options with the greatest clarity and impartiality. They take a broad view when problem solving, and by moving slowly and analytically, will usually come to the right decision. However, they can become very critical, damping enthusiasm for anything without logical grounds, and they have a hard time inspiring themselves or others to be passionate about their work. As mentioned earlier, there are many definitions and several methods, which have caused some confusion to say the least. Some Information that warrants further discussion regards the sharing of roles as well as multiple roles in a group. I was unable to find any mention of a role that would compromise a group if more and then one person took its position. One thing I did learn that was interesting is an importance in having multiple leaders/facilitators They do not have to posses all the traits of a great or good leader but help in â€Å"moving the company forward† This is a little vague but I still find it interesting and makes sense if you look our Government processes. I am looking at the roles and with understanding of them now I have not found any papers discussing groups missing some of these roles I would imagine there are definitely times that pieces are missing and they would result in negative team traits. Its proven that one person can manage many roles that doesn’t mean that just because one is short that anyone can absorb the responsibility. I find that even though I logically want o put the roles in an order I know look best or we sound I know it’s impossible because when I look at the characteristics of the roles they all have very defined strengths and in some areas it’s absolutely impossible to be strong at more than one thing. I could at least start with the leader but if there’s no completer or evaluator then the task won’t ever leave the leaders hands. Roles that I have participated in are all of the above generally leaning towards leadership if I have knowledge of the task, enough to ask questions and give answers. When I am not interested in the outcome or the object of the task I will usually take on the roles of monitor and the plant stands out to me as well. One that I know I am not interested in ever being in would be the â€Å"Finisher† That is a no brainer for me because without some pushing I will usually not finish the task and be ok with it. 99% of the time I am the leader and it’s usually by choice because nobody steps up or I am volunteered for it and sometimes that’s fun but I don’t always enjoy it, mainly because it becomes expected of me and it has to always be something big and consuming. At work, I am outspoken, enthusiastic, and very driven, when I am home, I tend to take on the roles of plant, monitor, and shaper. There is no problem staying far away from the role of a leader after work. I will and have taken on leadership roles usually when there is more confusion then I can handle. I am finding it  interesting that I choose the roles at home that are somewhat opposite of what I venture into at work. Discussing types of roles, filling roles and understanding the use of roles brings us to situation of underlying issues that can cause conflict. There are several models for roles in groups. These models have differences in definitions, role titles, and amount of roles. There are many arguments on the amount of roles needed to make an effective team; one thing that I have noticed to be universal is the amount of people needed to make an effective team. Managing a logistics company, I learned this fact first hand. We had an open floor for sales and operations, and then we separated the group into two departments, sales being one, carrier management the other; then again, we separated them into teams again for our regions. Together we all worked as a whole and communicated information back and forth all day. Sometimes it was like an amazing tennis match and sometimes it was like the other side just never got there . We were having many issues with one of our sub groups performing to task and another sub group would clean things up if they could. We analyzed the groups and kept asking what made the others work but not this one†¦ the carrier team had five sections with four desks in each section since it fit better that way. All the desks were full except one group had three people this being the problem group. We had factored that in the beginning though and had only delegated them a fair amount of work. We ended up blaming it on poor communication and lack of drive. The problem did not get any better and then we had another member of a team of four go on leave for six weeks. Two weeks later that team began having issues just like the other team of three and then we noticed the similarity between the two. Three people in a group could not perform the tasks as a whole. To make sure we were right we moved people around and made two new teams of three. We sadly realized that the group of three would fall apart because two people always formed an alliance against one every time. This brings me back to the universal number required for a team to work effectively has been noted to be four. By Dr Belbin from that point forward we never allowed a group to fall below the standard four employees for more than a day period . References Management Teams INTL. (n.d.). Team Roles . Retrieved from Teamopoly: http://www.teamopoly.com/cf.htm Wikepedia Team Role Inventories . (2009). Retrieved from Wikepedia : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_Role_Inventories

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

History of Women Running for President

The history of women running for president in the United States spans 140 years, but only in the last five years has a female candidate been taken seriously as a viable contender or come within reach of a major party nomination. Victoria Woodhull — Wall Streets First Female Broker The first woman to run for President of the United States was something of an anomaly since women did not yet have the right to vote — and wouldnt earn it for another 50 years. In 1870, 31-year-old Victoria Woodhull had already made a name for herself as Wall Streets first female stockbroker when she announced she would run for President in the New York Herald. According to her 1871 campaign bio written by fellow reformer Thomas Tilton, she did so mainly for the purpose of drawing public attention to the claims of woman to political equality with man. Concurrent with her presidential campaign, Woodhull also published a weekly newspaper, rose to prominence as a leading voice in the suffrage movement and launched a successful speaking career. Nominated by the Equal Rights Party to serve as their candidate, she went up against the incumbent Ulysses S. Grant and Democratic nominee Horace Greeley in the 1872 election. Unfortunately, Woodhull spent Election Eve behind bars, charged with using the U.S. mails to utter obscene publication, namely to distribute her newspapers exposà © of the infidelities of prominent clergyman Rev. Henry Ward Beecher and the indiscretions of Luther Challis, a stockbroker who allegedly seduced adolescent girls. Woodhull triumphed over the charges against her but lost her presidential bid. Belva Lockwood — First Female Attorney to Argue Before Supreme Court Described by the U.S. National Archives as the first woman to run a full-fledged campaign for the presidency of the United States, Belva Lockwood possessed an impressive list of credentials when she ran for president in 1884. Widowed at age 22 with a 3-year-old, she put herself through college, earned a law degree, became the first woman admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court and the first female attorney to argue a case before the nations high court. She ran for president to promote womens suffrage, telling reporters that although she couldnt vote, nothing in the Constitution prohibited a man from voting for her. Nearly 5,000 did. Undaunted by her loss, she ran again in 1888. Margaret Chase Smith — First Woman Elected to House and Senate The first woman to have her name put in for nomination for the presidency by a major political party did not envision a career in politics as a young woman. Margaret Chase had worked as a teacher, telephone operator, office manager for a woolen mill and newspaper staffer before she met and married local politician Clyde Harold Smith at age 32. Six years later he was elected to Congress and she managed his Washington office and worked on behalf of the Maine GOP. When he died of a heart condition in April 1940, Margaret Chase Smith won the special election to fill out his term and was re-elected to the House of Representatives, then was elected to the Senate in 1948 — the first female Senator elected on her own merits (not a widow/not previously appointed) and the first woman to serve in both chambers. She announced her presidential campaign in January 1964, saying, â€Å"I have few illusions and no money, but I’m staying for the finish.† According to the Women in Congress website, At the 1964 Republican Convention, she became the first woman to have her name put in for nomination for the presidency by a major political party. Receiving the support of just 27 delegates and losing the nomination to Senate colleague Barry Goldwater, it was a symbolic achievement. Shirley Chisholm — First Black Woman to Run for President Eight years later Rep. Shirley Chisholm (D-NY) launched her presidential campaign for the Democratic nomination on January 27, 1972, becoming the first African American woman to do so. Although she was as committed as any major party male candidate, her run — like Chase Smiths nomination — was largely seen as symbolic. Chisholm did not identify herself as the candidate of the womens movement of this country, although I am a woman, and I am equally proud of that. Instead, she saw herself as the candidate of the people of America and acknowledged my presence before you now symbolizes a new era in American political history. It was a new era in more ways than one, and Chisholms use of that word may have been deliberate. Her campaign paralleled an increasing push for passage of the ERA (Equal Rights Amendment) initially introduced in 1923 but newly invigorated by the growing womens movement. As a presidential candidate, Chisholm took a bold new approach that rejected tired and glib cliches and sought to bring a voice to the disenfranchised. In operating outside the rules of the old boys club of career politicians, Chisholm did not have the backing of the Democratic party or its most prominent liberals. Yet 151 votes were cast for her at the 1972 Democratic National Convention. Hillary Clinton — Most Successful Female Candidate The most well-known and successful female presidential candidate to date has been Hillary Clinton. The former First Lady and junior Senator from New York announced she was running for President on January 20, 2007, and entered the race as the frontrunner for the 2008 nomination — a position she held until Senator Barack Obama (D-Illinois) wrested it from her in late 2007/early 2008. Clintons candidacy stands in marked contrast to earlier bids for the White House by accomplished women who were prominent and respected but who had little chance of winning. Michelle Bachmann — First Female GOP Frontrunner By the time Michele Bachmann announced her intent to run for president in the 2012 election cycle, her campaign was neither farfetched nor a novelty thanks to this longstanding sisterhood of female candidates who had previously paved the way. In fact, the only female candidate in the GOP field took an early lead after winning the Iowa Straw Poll in August 2011. Yet Bachmann barely acknowledged the contributions of her political foremothers and seemed reluctant to publicly credit them with laying the foundation that made her own candidacy possible. Only when her campaign was in its final days did she acknowledge the need to elect strong women to positions of power and influence. Sources Kullmann, Susan. Legal Contender: Victoria C. Woodhull. The Womens Quarterly (Fall 1988), pp. 16-1, reprinted at Feministgeek.com.Margaret Chase Smith. Office of History and Preservation, Office of the Clerk, Women in Congress, 1917–2006. U.S. Government Printing Office, 2007. Retrieved January 10, 2012.Norgren, Jill. Belva Lockwood: Blazing the Trail for Women in Law. Prologue Magazine, Spring 2005, Vol. 37, No. 1 at www. archives.gov.Tilton, Theodore. Victoria C. Woodhull, A Biographical Sketch. The Golden Age, Tract No. 3, 1871. victoria-woodhull.com. Retrieved 10 January 2012. first woman to run for US President.